Vocal Cord Paralysis

Vocal Cord Paralysis

Vocal cord paralysis occurs when one or both vocal cords lose movement, affecting speech and breathing. It is usually caused by injury, surgery, or neurological issues and can lead to hoarseness, breathiness, or difficulty swallowing. Treatment depends on severity and cause, and may include voice therapy or surgery. Speech-language pathologists help improve vocal quality and communication. While some cases resolve on their own, others need ongoing management. Early diagnosis and customized treatment are crucial for the best recovery and quality of life.

Overview

Vocal cord paralysis, also known as vocal cord dysfunction, occurs when the vocal cords fail to function properly due to illness or injury. This condition can hinder speaking, swallowing, and breathing, significantly impacting daily life and work.

Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatments for vocal cord paralysis is crucial for seeking timely help if you experience related symptoms.

What is Vocal Cord Paralysis?

Vocal cord paralysis, or vocal cord paresis, involves a loss of control over the vocal cords’ movement, leading to voice changes and airway issues (e.g., dyspnea, dysphonia). This condition can result in difficulty speaking or a complete loss of voice.

Causes include viral infections, certain medications, trauma to the throat, thyroid problems, and other conditions.

Vocal Cord Paralysis Causes

Vocal cord paralysis can stem from various factors, including:

• Physical trauma to the neck or head
• Viral infections
• Autoimmune disorders
• Tumors and nerve damage
• Scarring or inflammation of the vocal cords due to infection or strain
• Neurological conditions such as myasthenia gravis, Parkinson’s disease

Vocal Cord Paralysis Symptoms

Symptoms of vocal cord paralysis can include:

• Changes in voice quality
• Loss of volume
• Altered pitch
• Difficulty speaking
• Hoarseness
• Gurgly sound when speaking
• Inability to speak loudly
• Loud breathing noise
• Frequent choking while eating or drinking

If you experience these symptoms, consult a doctor for an examination. Diagnosis may require additional tests to confirm vocal cord paralysis, as similar symptoms can arise from other illnesses.

Vocal Cord Paralysis Diagnosis

At Yupiter Hospital, our expert physician will inquire about your symptoms and conduct a physical exam of your voice box. 

Diagnostic tests may include stroboscopy, videofluoroscopy, CT scans, or MRI. Diagnosis will guide appropriate treatment, which may include surgery or speech therapy, depending on the underlying cause.

Immediate consultation with an ENT specialist is recommended if you have hoarseness and swallowing issues, as these could indicate serious conditions like cancer or a viral infection.

Vocal Cord Paralysis Treatment

Treatment options for vocal cord paralysis vary based on the cause. Common treatments include:

• Voice Therapy: Speech therapy to restore voice function or teach how to speak with less strain.

• Surgery: Includes vocal cord injections, phono surgery, osteotomy, or tracheotomy if other treatments are ineffective.

Vocal Cord Paralysis Prevention

While prevention is not always possible, you can reduce risk by:

• Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol use
• Limiting exposure to environmental toxins and pollutants
• Using ear protection around loud noises
• Regularly checking with your doctor and reporting any voice or swallowing changes

Risk Factors

Breathing and eating issues may arise if vocal cords are paralyzed, affecting coughing, deep breathing, loud talking, and swallowing. Treatment may involve a tracheotomy or feeding tube.

Neurological conditions such as brain tumors, strokes, or MS can cause vocal cord paralysis, though the cause may remain unknown despite thorough examination.

Vocal Cord Paralysis Recovery

Vocal cord paralysis is often temporary and may resolve on its own over several months. To aid recovery:

• Stay hydrated
• Avoid straining your voice
• Rest your voice frequently
• Practice deep breathing exercises
• Avoid hot liquids
• Refrain from smoking
• Keep your neck relaxed
• Use a humidifier if needed

Conclusion

If you suspect vocal cord paralysis, contact a medical professional promptly. At Yupiter Hospital, our experts can diagnose and treat the condition, offering options like medication or surgery and providing guidance for home care during recovery.

Contact Yupiter Hospital if you notice symptoms of vocal cord paralysis.