Laryngitis
Laryngitis is the inflammation of the voice box (larynx), causing hoarseness, throat pain, and difficulty speaking. Acute laryngitis is often due to viral infections or vocal strain, while chronic laryngitis is typically linked to smoking, acid reflux, or misuse of the voice. Diagnosis involves a physical exam, vocal assessment, and possibly imaging or laryngoscopy. Treatment for acute laryngitis includes voice rest, hydration, and avoiding irritants. Chronic laryngitis requires addressing underlying causes, which may involve lifestyle changes, medication, or speech therapy. Persistent symptoms should be evaluated by a medical professional for personalized treatment.
Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx, or voice box, which houses the vocal cords.
This condition often results from an infection and can lead to significant discomfort and voice issues.
Types of Laryngitis
Acute Laryngitis
This temporary form resolves with proper treatment and is commonly caused by bacterial infections, vocal strain, or viral infections like the common cold.
Chronic Laryngitis
This type persists for over three weeks and may be triggered by prolonged exposure to irritants such as smoke, chemicals, or allergens.
Conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), chronic sinusitis, excessive alcohol use, smoking, and vocal overuse can contribute.
It often leads to vocal cord strain and polyps, frequently affecting singers and frequent speakers.
Symptoms of Laryngitis
Laryngitis symptoms can overlap with other respiratory issues. Symptoms include:
- Hoarse voice
- Weak voice
- Complete voice loss
- Throat pain while talking
- Dry throat
- Dry cough
- Sore throat
Causes of Laryngitis
Various factors can lead to laryngitis:
- Viral infections
- Bacterial infections
- Vocal cord strain
- Bowing or curvature of vocal cords
- Excessive smoking
- Chemical fumes and allergens
- GERD
- Chronic sinusitis
- Laryngeal cancer
- Nerve injury affecting vocal cords
Diagnosing Laryngitis
Diagnosis involves examining the vocal cords through:
Laryngoscopy
Visual examination of the vocal cords using a light and mirror or a fibre-optic endoscope inserted through the nose or mouth. The patient speaks during the procedure for a comprehensive view.
Biopsy
Tissue samples from the vocal cords are analyzed under a microscope for accurate diagnosis.
Treating Laryngitis
Treatment varies based on diagnosis and may include:
- Treatment depends on the diagnosis. For bacterial infections, antibiotics may be prescribed.
- Corticosteroids can reduce vocal cord inflammation if rapid recovery is required.
- Voice therapy might be suggested, and surgery may be necessary in some cases.
Preventing Laryngitis
To prevent laryngitis:
- Avoid smoking and secondhand smoke
- Limit alcohol and caffeine
- Drink plenty of water
- Consume spicy foods in moderation
- Eat a balanced diet with whole grains, fruits, and vegetables
- Maintain healthy mucous membranes with vitamins A, E, and C
- Avoid frequent throat clearing
- Steer clear of people with viral infections
Conclusion
For those experiencing symptoms of laryngitis, it is essential to consult a medical professional to prevent complications. Visiting an ENT specialist ensures accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.
For assistance, visit the ENT department at Yupiter Hospital or schedule an appointment with our specialist.
