Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a condition characterized by frequent acid reflux, where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus. This backward flow can irritate the esophageal lining.
Common Symptoms of GERD:
- Heartburn
- Chest pain
- Difficulty swallowing
- A bitter or sour taste in the mouth and throat
- A sensation of a lump in the throat
Causes of GERD
GERD primarily arises from persistent acid reflux. The connection between your esophagus and stomach is facilitated by a circular band of muscle known as the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). This valve opens and closes to allow food and liquids into the stomach.
The primary cause of GERD is the weakening of the LES. When this muscle relaxes abnormally or fails to close completely, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus.
While GERD can affect anyone, certain individuals are at a higher risk. Risk factors include:
- Obesity
- Hiatal hernia
- Pregnancy
- Delayed stomach emptying
- Smoking
- Consuming large meals
- Eating late at night
Diagnosing and Treating GERD
GERD is typically diagnosed based on the presence of troubling symptoms. Common diagnostic tests may include:
- Endoscopy
- X-ray
- Esophageal manometry
Treatment options for GERD vary and may include medication, lifestyle adjustments, and surgical interventions. Your doctor will recommend a tailored approach to alleviate symptoms and strengthen the lower esophageal sphincter.
Key Takeaways:
- GERD is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder marked by frequent acid reflux.
- It occurs when stomach acid backs up into the esophagus.
- Symptoms of GERD can often be managed at home through specific lifestyle and dietary changes.
