Acute pancreatitis is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas that leads to intense pain in the abdominal area. This condition can develop quickly and is often associated with alcohol consumption, which places strain on the pancreas and affects digestion.
Symptoms of Acute Pancreatitis
The symptoms of acute pancreatitis can vary in intensity. Pain usually starts in the center of the upper abdomen and may worsen, radiating to the back. Common signs and symptoms include:
- Fluctuating pulse rate
- Severe pain in the upper abdomen
- Tenderness or soreness around the abdomen
- Fever
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Vomiting
Causes of Acute Pancreatitis
The most common cause of acute pancreatitis is gallstones, though the exact mechanism between gallstones and pancreatic inflammation is not fully understood. Other potential causes include:
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Pancreatic injury
- Genetic factors
- Autoimmune disorders
- High calcium levels in the blood
- Certain medications
Diagnosis of Acute Pancreatitis
Diagnosis begins with a physical examination to assess for signs of inflammation. The following tests may be used to confirm acute pancreatitis:
- Blood tests
- Ultrasound
- ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography)
- CT scan
- Chest X-ray
Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis
Treatment depends on the severity of the condition. If left untreated, acute pancreatitis can become life-threatening. Treatment options may include:
- Antibiotics
- Feeding tubes
- Surgery
- Intravenous (IV) fluids
