Acute liver failure is a rapid deterioration of liver function in individuals with no prior liver conditions. Unlike chronic liver failure, which develops gradually over time, acute liver failure progresses quickly, often within days or weeks, and can lead to serious complications.
Symptoms of Acute Liver Failure
The signs and symptoms of acute liver failure can vary depending on the individual. Some of the common symptoms include:
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea and vomiting
- Confusion and disorientation
- General discomfort and uneasiness
- Tremors
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
Causes of Acute Liver Failure
Acute liver failure occurs when the liver is unable to function properly. Several factors can contribute to this condition, including:
- Medication overdose (e.g., acetaminophen)
- Herbal supplements
- Anti-inflammatory drugs
- Ingestion of toxins (e.g., poisonous mushrooms)
- Hepatitis A, B, and E
- Vascular diseases
- Liver cancer
- Heatstroke (sunstroke)
Diagnosis of Acute Liver Failure
To diagnose acute liver failure, medical professionals may perform a variety of tests and procedures, including:
- Blood tests
- Ultrasound
- CT scans
- Liver biopsy
Treatment Options for Acute Liver Failure
In severe cases, a liver transplant may be the only option. However, several treatments may help manage liver damage, such as:
- Medications to reverse infections
- Treatments to reduce brain swelling
- Nutritional support
- Medications to prevent excessive bleeding
