Fatty liver disease occurs when there is an excessive buildup of fat in the liver. While this condition often presents no noticeable symptoms and may not initially lead to serious complications, it can result in liver damage in severe cases. Although treatment options are available, fatty liver disease cannot be fully cured.
In a healthy liver, fat comprises a minimal percentage; however, issues arise when fat accumulation reaches 5-10% of the liver’s total weight.
Symptoms
Fatty liver disease may remain asymptomatic until significant liver damage occurs. Common symptoms may include:
- A sensation of fullness in the lower abdomen
- Sudden and significant weight loss
- Loss of appetite
- Swelling in the legs and abdomen
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
- Extreme fatigue and weakness
Causes
Some individuals may develop fatty liver disease without any apparent symptoms or underlying conditions. Contributing factors can include:
- Being overweight or obese
- Accumulation of abdominal fat
- Conditions such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes
- Higher susceptibility among individuals of Asian descent
- Having obstructive sleep apnea
Diagnosis
Due to the lack of visible symptoms, fatty liver disease is often identified during routine check-ups or investigations for other conditions. To confirm a diagnosis, healthcare professionals may recommend:
- Blood tests
- Fibro scan
- Ultrasound
- Liver biopsy
Treatment
While there is no specific cure for fatty liver disease, various over-the-counter medications and lifestyle modifications can effectively manage the condition. Recommended changes may include:
- Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight
- Avoiding alcohol consumption
- Managing blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes with medication
Prevention
Preventing fatty liver disease largely involves adopting a healthy lifestyle. Key strategies include:
- Engaging in regular physical activity
- Losing excess weight
- Limiting alcohol intake
- Taking essential vitamins and minerals as advised by your healthcare provider
By making these lifestyle changes, you can significantly improve your liver health and overall well-being.
